Encrypted offsite backups via rsync

I love rsync to simply send files to other machines for backing up my data.
Unfortunately sometimes you can't trust the other side. So you would like to encrypt your data..
Rsync (via ssh) is encrypted during transport but not on disk...

I tried several solutions but they all have some issues:

duplicity
It's nice but doesn't do what rsync does. It just makes an encrypted initial full-backup and sends increments. It's also adviced to do a full backup regularly. That's not nice thing when you have to send >200GB over the internet..

rsyncrypto
Rsyncrypto encrypts files in such a way they are rsync friendly. (Big files don't completely change when a byte is changed).
Problem with rsyncrypto is that it requires an encrypted copy of all your data. I've got a LOT of files, and keeping this copy up to date costs too much time. I need to run rsyncrypto just before rsyncing the data. And my experiences with it is that it was pretty slow. And I even haven't taken into account the issue that I'm required to store my data on disk 2 times..

Meet encfs

Thanks to a reaction on serverfault ( http://serverfault.com/questions/160014/encrypted-remote-backups-via-rsync )
I've found encfs. Which makes it possible to create and mount a virtual filesystem via fuse-fs which shows an encrypted representation of your files..
Exactly what I want...

Install encfs on FreeBSD

It's required to enable fuse in FreeBSD. This is a kernel module
so add the following line to '/boot/loader.conf'

fuse_load="YES"

Next install the port (or package) encfs. (I love ports)

cd /usr/ports/sysutils/fusefs-encfs
make install clean

Creating a Backup

# mount read-only encrypted virtual copy of unencrypted local data:
encfs --reverse --idle=60 -o ro ~/data/ ~/.tmp_encrypted/

rsync -ai  ~/.tmp_encrypted/ name@example.com:backup/

umount ~/.tmp_encrypted/

First time a menu appears. I choose the following options:

  • Configuration mode: x - expert configuration
  • Cipher algorithm: AES
  • Key size: 256
  • Block size: 1024
  • Filename encoding: null*
  • Per-file initialization vectors: No
  • Password: *****

*I don't have the requirement to encrypt my filenames

Restore

To restore you data..

  • Take your encrypted file(s) Only the one's you need :D
  • Copy them into an empty folder ~encrypted-stuff
  • Copy your .encfs6.xml key to the same folder

Mount it:

encfs ~encrypted-stuff ~decrypted-stuff

Encfs asks for the password and behold: you can acces your files again in the ~decrypted-stuff folder :D

WARNING

You should backup your plain text .encfs6.xml file (which is on the unencrypted volume).
on a really safe location. It's your only key to decrypt your data.

Notes

A possible extra safety measure could be to NOT sync the encrypted .encfs6.xml file...
So use --exclude=encfs6.xml

For me the filenames aren't really sensitive so I don't encrypt them.
It makes it much more easy to find the correct file in my encrypted data..

Btw a scripting tip could be the following '--sdtinpass' and supply your password:

echo 'PASSWORD' | encfs --reverse --stdinpass --idle=60 -o ro ~/data/ ~/.tmp_encrypted/

If you have suggestions or advise, please drop a line!!

Ruby compare sort en nonzero?

Just reminder for myself...
The method Numeric#nonzero?
returns self if the number is != 0 else it returns nil

Makes this code possible: 

  objects.sort do |a, b|
    (a.lastname <=> b.lastname).nonzero? || (a.firstname <=> b.firstname)
  end

FreeBSD mysql-server failed precmd routine

Trying to start mysql-server tries start with the message failed precmd routine.

Debugging this can be done by altering /usr/local/etc/rc.d/mysql.server

Comment out the following parts : >/dev/null 2>/dev/null

mysql_create_auth_tables()
{
   ...
	eval $mysql_install_db $mysql_install_db_args # >/dev/null 2>/dev/null
   ...
}

mysql_prestart()
{
   ... 
	if checkyesno mysql_limits; then
		eval `/usr/bin/limits ${mysql_limits_args}` # 2>/dev/null
	else
		return 0
	fi
   ...
}

You will see the error message.
In my case the issue was an existing data-directory

Apache 2.4.17 and Phusion Passenger

Today I simply run a plain normal update on my FreeBSD server of the Apache server. Usually this works out without any problems.

But tonight, big panic!
The rails applications didn't start anymore.

I received a Forbidden Message. (Directory listing isn't allowed). Passenger wasn't working anymore.

So I started trying several things:
- Trying to recompile passenger. No success.
- Trying to upgrade an recompile passenger, No succes.
- I was about to downgrade Apache to the previous version. (Which is a bit hard with the shared FreeBSD Port system, running in a jail. Stupid me had thrown away the previous binary)

Thanks to the google-gods I've found the following issue
https://github.com/phusion/passenger/issues/1648

It seems the autoindex module isn't compatible with Passenger anymore..

For the moment I temporary solved it by disabling the autoindex module of Apache in httpd.conf
#LoadModule autoindex_module libexec/apache24/mod_autoindex.so

* Note to self *
Never throw away the previous installed package binary.